GLY 4310C                          WORD LIST FOR MIDTERM 1

Spring, 2012


The first exam will be on Monday, February 6, 2012 from 9-10:20 a.m. It will cover Chapters18 and 19 of Klein and Dutrow, Chapters 1-3 of Winter, and associated lecture material.

 

Introduction

Petrology

Petrography

 

Fundamental Concepts (Lecture 1 - Winter Chapter 1)

 

Magma

Criteria of identification of igneous rocks

Field

Texture

Earth’s Interior - Composition

            Continental Crust

Oceanic Crust

            Mantle - Seismic discontinuities

                        Transition zone

            Core

Outer

Inner

Earth’s Interior - Rheological divisions

            Lithosphere

            Asthenosphere

            Mesosphere

            Liquid

            Solid

Origin of the Solar System

            Solar nebula

            Gravitational collapse

            T-Tauri stage

            Formation of planetesimals

Proto-planets

                        Terrestrial

Outer

Composition of the earth

Differentiation of the earth

Evidence for the origin of the earth

            Density calculated from mass and volume

            Solar nebula abundances

                        Constraints on composition of earth’s interior

            Natural mantle samples

            Meteorites

                        Irons

                        Stones

                        Stony-Irons

                        Significance of Antarctic meteorite finds

Internal conditions of the earth

            Geothermal gradient

                        Accretion (including Fe phase change)

                        Radioactive decay of long-lived elements

            Heat transfer mechanisms

                        Radiation

                        Conduction

Convection

Advection

            Continental geotherm

            Oceanic geotherm

            Geobarometric gradient

                        Calculation

                        Units - traditional and SI

Generation of magma

            Relationship of magma to plate movement and boundary type

            Non-plate related magma generation

            MORB (Mid-ocean ridge basalt)


Classification and Nomenclature of Igneous Rocks (Lecture 2 - Winter Chapter 2)

 

Texture (broad classification)

            Phaneritic

                        Intrusive

                                    Plutonic

                                    Hypabyssal

            Aphanitic

                        Extrusive

                                    Volcanic

                                    Flows

Fragmental

                        Pyroclastic


Grain size (broad classification)

            Equigranular

            Porphyritic

                        Phenocrysts

                        Groundmass

Composition terminology

            Felsic

Intermediate

            Mafic

Ultramafic

            Essential mineral

Accessory mineral

Silica classification scheme

Alumina saturation scheme

Color Index

Leucocratic

Mesotype

Melanocratic

IUGS classification

            Phaneritic

                        Problems near the “P” apex

                        Gabbroic rocks

                        Ultramafic rocks

            Modifiers of rock names

                        Mineralogical

            Aphanitic rocks

                        Phenotype classification

                        Whole-rock chemical analysis

            Fragmental rocks

Impurities

                        Type classification

                                    Glass

                                    Rock fragments

                                    Crystals (individual mineral grains)

                        Size classification

                                    Ash

                                    Lapilli

                                    Blocks or bombs


Igneous Rock Textures - (Lecture 3 - Winter Chapter 3)

 

Primary

Secondary

Nucleation

Growth

Undercooling

Diffusion

Polymerized complexes

Maintenance of equilibrium

Growth rate of different crystal faces

Dendritic growth

Spinifex growth

Epitaxial growth

Zoning

Normal

Reverse

Oscillatory

Grain shape for individual crystals

Euhedral

Subhedral

Anhedral

Grain shape for whole rocks

Idiomorphic

Hypidomorphic

Xenomorphic

Factors influencing grain shape

Early versus late growth

Force of crystallization

Size relationships within a grain

Equant

Prismatic

Tabular

Relationships of grains wihin a rock

Massive

Lineated

Foliated

Textures

Poikilitic

Ophitic

Granophyric

Graphic

Embayed

Sieve

Flow textures

Trachytoid

Trachitic

Felty (pilotaxic)

Flow banding

Cluster textures

Synneusis

Cumulophyric

Glomeroporphyritic

Twinning

Primary or growth

Secondary

Polymorphic transformation

Deformation

Exsolution

Perthite

Antiperthite

Liquid Immiscibility

Reactions affecting igneous rocks

Autometamorphic

Deuteric

Uralization

Biotization

Chloritiation

Seritization

Saussurization

Serpentization


 


SILICATE MINERALS


The following list of minerals summarizes those that will be covered on the examination. You are responsible for knowing the major cations of those minerals shown in ALL CAPS. You should know what subclass and group (if any) each mineral belongs to. You should know the properties of each silicate subclass and the groups.

 

Nesosilicates


            Phenacite group

                        Phenacite

                        WILLEMITE

            Olivine group

                        FORSTERITE

                        FAYALITE

                        Monticellite

                        Tephroite

                        Glaucochroite

                        Kirschsteinite

            ZIRCON

            Garnet group

                        PYROPE

                        ALMANDINE

                        SPESSARTINE

                        GROSSULARITE

                        ANDRADITE

                        UVAROVITE

            TOPAZ

            Al2SiO5 group

                        SILLIMANITE

                        KYANITE

                        ANDALUSITE

            Staurolite

            Titanite (sphene)


Sorosilicates


            Epidote group

                        Epidote

                        Clinozoisite

                        Zoisite

            Hemimorphite

            Vesuvianite (Idocrase)

            Lawsonite


Cyclosilicates


            Benitoite

            Axinite

            BERYL

                        Emerald

                        Aquamarine

                        Rose

            Tourmaline

            Cordierite

            Dioptase

            (Chrysocolla)


Inosilicates


            Pyroxene group

                        Ortho-pyroxenes

                                    ENSTATITE

                                    HYPERSTHENE

                                    Orthoferrosilite

                        Clino-pyroxenes

                                    DIOPSIDE

                                    HEDENBERGITE

                                    AUGITE

                                    Pigeonite

                                    Aegirine (acmite)

                                    Jadeite

                                    Spodumene

Pyroxene quad 

            Pyroxenoid group

                        WOLLASTONITE

                        RHODONITE

                        Pectolite

            Amphibole group

                        Ortho-amphiboles

                                    Anthophyllite

            Clino-amphiboles

CUMMINGTONITE-GRUNERITE

TREMOLITE-ACTINOLITE

HORNBLENDE

Glaucophane

Riebeckite

                                    

Phyllosilicates

            Trioctahedral (Divalent)

            Dioctahedral (Trivalent)

            Diphormic (t-o)

            Triphormic (t-o-t)

            Tetraphormic ({t-o-t} -o- {t-o-t}0

            Serpentine group

                        ANTIGORITE

                        CHRYSOTILE

                        Garnierite

                        Lizardite

            Clay mineral group

                        KAOLINITE

                        Pyrophyllite

                        TALC

            Mica group

                        MUSCOVITE

                        Phlogopite

                        BIOTITE

                        LEPIDOLITE

                        Vermiculite

                        Glauconite

                        Margite

                        Clintonite

                        Montmorillionites       (smectites)

            Chlorite group

                        CHLORITE

                        PREHNITE

                        Prochlorite



Tectosilicates


            Silica group

                        QUARTZ (all varieties)

                        Cristobalite

                        Tridymite

                        Stishovite

                        Coesite

                        (Opal)


            Feldspar group

                        PLAGIOCLASE

                                    ALBITE

                                    OLIGOCLASE

                                    ANDESINE

                                    LABRADORITE

                                    BYTOWNITE

                                    ANORTHITE

                        POTASSIUM (K-Spar)

                                    MICROCLINE

                                    ORTHOCLASE

                                    SANIDINE

                                    ANORTHOCLASE

                        Danburite


            Feldspathoid group

                        NEPHELINE

                        LEUCITE

                        SODALITE

                        Petalite

                        Analcime 

                        Scapolite series

                                     Marialite-Meionite


            Zeolite group

                        STILBITE

                        NATROLITE

                        Chabezite

                        Heulandite


Quill Pen Questions or comments? mailto:warburto@fau.edu

Last updated: January 18, 2012